While both "dirty" and "filthy" describe something unclean, there's a subtle difference in their intensity and connotation. "Dirty" is a more general term, referring to something that is simply not clean – it might have some dirt or grime on it. "Filthy," on the other hand, suggests a much higher degree of uncleanliness; something that is disgustingly dirty. Think of it as "extremely dirty." It often implies a moral or social connotation of something being morally corrupt or extremely unpleasant.

Here are some example sentences to illustrate the difference:

• Dirty: "My shoes are dirty from walking in the mud." (Translation: My shoes are not clean because I walked in mud.)

• Filthy: "The kitchen was filthy; there were dishes piled everywhere, and the floor was covered in crumbs." (Translation: The kitchen was disgustingly dirty; there was a large number of unwashed dishes and many crumbs on the floor.)

• Dirty: "He told a dirty joke." (Translation: He told an inappropriate joke.)

• Filthy: "The rumors spread about him were utterly filthy." (Translation: The rumors spread about him were extremely inappropriate and unpleasant.)

Notice how "filthy" carries a stronger sense of unpleasantness and disgust. It's often used for something that is not just unclean but also morally questionable. Choosing between "dirty" and "filthy" depends on the level of uncleanliness you want to convey and the context in which you're using it.

Happy learning!