While often used interchangeably, the words "illegal" and "unlawful" possess subtle yet important distinctions. Generally, "illegal" refers to something that is against the law, specifically written statutes or regulations. "Unlawful," on the other hand, encompasses a broader range of actions that violate rules, principles, or norms, even if not explicitly covered by a specific law. Think of it this way: all illegal acts are unlawful, but not all unlawful acts are illegal.

Let's look at some examples to clarify:

• Example 1: Parking in a designated no-parking zone is an illegal act. (This breaks a specific traffic law.)

• Example 1 Translation: Parking where it's forbidden is against the law.

• Example 2: It is unlawful to discriminate against someone based on their race. (This is a violation of fundamental rights, and is covered by laws against discrimination but isn't necessarily described by one single, specific law.)

• Example 2 Translation: It is wrong, by law and principle, to unfairly treat someone due to their race.

• Example 3: It is illegal to drive under the influence of alcohol. (There is a written law forbidding this.)

• Example 3 Translation: Driving after drinking is strictly prohibited by law.

• Example 4: Taking someone's property without their permission may be unlawful, depending on the context. (This could be theft, a civil wrong, or even a breach of contract. The specific law governing this depends on many details of the situation.)

• Example 4 Translation: Taking something that belongs to someone else without their consent might be considered wrong or unlawful. The exact law that applies depends on what exactly happened.

In short, "illegal" points to a clear breach of established law, while "unlawful" suggests a wider violation of rules, principles, or ethical codes. Understanding this difference enhances the precision and clarity of your English.

Happy learning!