While both "permanent" and "lasting" describe something that continues over time, there's a key distinction. "Permanent" implies something that is intended to be forever; it's unlikely to change or end. "Lasting" suggests something that endures for a considerable period, but not necessarily forever. It could be a long time, but there's still a chance of it ending eventually.

Let's look at some examples:

• Permanent:

  • "He got a permanent job at the bank." (This means his job is intended to be long-term, potentially for life.)
  • "The tattoo is permanent." (This means the tattoo will not fade or disappear on its own.)

• Lasting:

  • "Their friendship has been lasting for over twenty years." (Their friendship is long-standing and strong, but it's not necessarily guaranteed to last forever.)
  • "She made a lasting impression on the audience." (The audience will remember her for a long time, although the memory may eventually fade.)

Notice that while a permanent job could end (through resignation or termination), the expectation is that it's intended to be lifelong. Conversely, a lasting friendship might end, but it has withstood the test of time. The difference lies in this inherent expectation of longevity.

Think of it this way: "permanent" is a stronger word than "lasting". Something can be lasting without being permanent, but something permanent is always lasting. Happy learning!