While both "spoil" and "ruin" suggest making something worse, there are important differences. "Spoil" generally refers to making something less enjoyable or pleasant, often something that was previously good. "Ruin," on the other hand, implies complete and irreversible destruction or damage. Think of "spoil" as a minor setback and "ruin" as a catastrophic event.

Here are some examples:

• Spoil:

  • "The rain spoiled our picnic." (The picnic was still okay, but not as enjoyable as planned.)
  • "Don't spoil the surprise!" (Don't reveal the surprise, thereby lessening its impact.)

• Ruin:

  • "The storm ruined the crops." (The crops were completely destroyed.)
  • "His gambling ruined his life." (His life was completely and irreversibly damaged.)

Notice that "spoil" often implies a lessening of quality or enjoyment, while "ruin" means complete destruction or devastation. Sometimes, the context makes the choice clear. Other times, you need to consider the degree of damage to choose the best word.

Here's another way to think about it: "spoil" can be used for smaller, often temporary things. "Ruin," on the other hand, is usually used for more significant and often permanent damage. Consider the impact of the action—is it a minor inconvenience or a major catastrophe?

Happy learning!