Damage vs. Harm: 弄清这两个英语单词的细微差别

很多英语学习者经常会混淆"damage"和"harm"这两个词。虽然它们都表示某种程度的损害,但它们侧重的方面和使用场景有所不同。简单来说,"damage"通常指对物体或财产造成的物理性损坏,而"harm"则更侧重于对人或生物造成的损害,包括身体上的和精神上的伤害。

让我们来看一些例句:

  • Damage:

    • The storm caused significant damage to the houses. (暴风雨对房屋造成了严重的损坏。)
    • The accident damaged his car beyond repair. (事故损坏了他的汽车,无法修理。)
  • Harm:

    • Smoking harms your health. (吸烟有害健康。)
    • The rumors harmed her reputation. (谣言损害了她的名誉。)
    • Don't harm the animals. (不要伤害动物。)

需要注意的是,"damage"有时也可以指抽象意义上的损害,例如对名誉或信誉的损害,但这种情况下通常会与"reputation"等词连用。而"harm"则很少用来指对物体的物理性损坏。

再举几个例子,帮助大家更好地理解这两个词的细微差别:

  • He damaged his bicycle by riding it too fast. (他骑车太快,把自行车弄坏了。)
  • The loud noise harmed the baby's ears. (巨大的噪音损害了婴儿的耳朵。)
  • She tried to avoid doing anything that would harm her career. (她努力避免做任何可能损害她职业生涯的事情。)
  • The earthquake caused widespread damage to the city. (地震给城市造成了广泛的破坏。)

Happy learning!

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